Abstract

Research Article

Determination of foot-and-mouth disease serotypes from naturally infected cattle by solid phase competitive ELISA (SPCE) techniques

Ayelech Muluneh and Fanos Tadesse Woldemariyam*

Published: 24 September, 2022 | Volume 6 - Issue 1 | Pages: 014-018

Objective: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious and economically important disease affecting cloven-hoofed domestic and wild animals. Early diagnosis and serotyping of the agent are very important to effectively design and implement the control approach. This study was conducted on serum samples collected from Amhara, Tigray, Oromia and Addis Ababa between October 2018 to February 2020. The animals were kept under a semi-intensive to an extensive system of rearing. Serum samples with low OD values (positive) using competition NSP-ELISA were subjected to serotyping ELISA. 
Results: In the present study, three serotypes were identified from 186 NSP ELISA positive sera of which 156 serotype O, 40 serotypes A and 28 serotype SAT2. In this analysis, multiple serotype infection was observed which is why the number of serotypes was beyond the samples analyzed. Among 23 samples from Addis Ababa 10, 3 and 5 were O, A and SAT2 serotypes respectively, while in samples from the Oromia region 12 were O and 3 were SAT2 serotypes. From the Amhara region, 99 samples analyzed were found to be serotype O and SAT2 in 7 of the serum samples. From the Tigray region, 30 samples were seen to have Serotype O infection, whereas 13 of them were SAT2. The proportion of serotypes identified based on the production system practices was also found that semi-intensive production takes the largest share in all three serotypes followed by extensive production. Generally, early determination of the serotype from past infection helps to aware of the epidemiology as well as the infection immunity of the herd/individual animals.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.abse.1001017 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

Keywords:

FMD; Serum; Serotype solid phase competitive ELISA; Ethiopia

References

  1. Grubman MJ, Baxt B. Foot-and-mouth disease. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Apr;17(2):465-93. doi: 10.1128/CMR.17.2.465-493.2004. PMID: 15084510; PMCID: PMC387408.
  2. Domingo E, Mateu MG, Martinez MA, Dopazo J, Moya A, Sorbino F. Genetic variability and antigenic diversity of foot and mouth disease virus. Appl Virol Res. 1990;2: 233–266. Available: https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19912218674
  3. Knight-Jones TJ, Robinson L, Charleston B, Rodriguez LL, Gay CG, Sumption KJ, Vosloo W. Global Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Update and Gap Analysis: 1 - Overview of Global Status and Research Needs. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016 Jun;63 Suppl 1:3-13. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12528. PMID: 27320162.
  4. Ayelet G, Soressa M, Sisay T, Belay A, Gelaye E, Jembere S, Skjerve E, Asmare K. FMD virus isolates: the candidate strains for polyvalent vaccine development in Ethiopia. Acta Trop. 2013 Jun;126(3):244-8. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.02.005. Epub 2013 Feb 12. PMID: 23416124.
  5. Tekleghiorghis T, Moormann RJ, Weerdmeester K, Dekker A. Foot-and-mouth Disease Transmission in Africa: Implications for Control, a Review. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016 Apr;63(2):136-51. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12248. Epub 2014 Jul 23. PMID: 25052411.
  6. Aman E, Molla W, Gebreegizabher Z, Jemberu WT. Spatial and temporal distribution of foot and mouth disease outbreaks in Amhara region of Ethiopia in the period 1999 to 2016. BMC Vet Res. 2020 Jun 9;16(1):185. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02411-6. PMID: 32517750; PMCID: PMC7285603.
  7. Callahan JD, Brown F, Osorio FA, Sur JH, Kramer E, Long GW, Lubroth J, Ellis SJ, Shoulars KS, Gaffney KL, Rock DL, Nelson WM. Use of a portable real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 Jun 1;220(11):1636-42. doi: 10.2460/javma.2002.220.1636. PMID: 12051502.
  8. Stata Statistical Software: Release 14. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP. 2015. https:8//www.google.com/search?q=StataCorp.+2015.+Stata+Statistical+Software%3A+Release+14.+College+Station%2C+TX%3A+StataCorp+LP.&source=hp&ei=uwFwYMuSGtGJlwT2066wBQ&iflsig (accessed on 12 July 2022)
  9. Mohapatra JK, Priyadarshini P, Pandey L, Subramaniam S, Hemadri D, Sanyal A, Pattnaik B. Phylogenetic analysis of 3C protease (3C(pro)) coding region of Foot-and-mouth disease virus type A. Acta Virol. 2009;53(3):175-83. doi: 10.4149/av_2009_03_175. PMID: 19941399.
  10. Ayelet G, Mahapatra M, Gelaye E, Egziabher BG, Rufeal T, Sahle M, Ferris NP, Wadsworth J, Hutchings GH, Knowles NJ. Genetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses, Ethiopia, 1981-2007. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Sep;15(9):1409-17. doi: 10.3201/eid1509.090091. PMID: 19788808; PMCID: PMC2819860.
  11. Negusssie H, Kyule MN, Yami M, Ayelet G, Jenberie S. Outbreak investigations and genetic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus in Ethiopia in 2008/2009. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2011 Jan;43(1):235-43. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9683-2. Epub 2010 Aug 18. PMID: 20717724.
  12. Klein M, Hadaschik D, Zimmermann H, Eggers HJ, Nelsen-Salz B. The picornavirus replication inhibitors HBB and guanidine in the echovirus-9 system: the significance of viral protein 2C. J Gen Virol. 2000 Apr;81(Pt 4):895-901. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-81-4-895. PMID: 10725414.
  13. Rweyemamu MM. Foot and mouth disease control strategies in Africa. Prev Vet Med. 1984;2: 329–340. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(84)90076-X
  14. Sulayeman M, Dawo F, Mammo B, Gizaw D, Shegu D. Isolation, molecular characterization and sero-prevalence study of foot-and-mouth disease virus circulating in central Ethiopia. BMC Vet Res. 2018 Mar 27;14(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12917-018-1429-9. PMID: 29587741; PMCID: PMC5870258.
  15. Sahle M, Venter EH, Dwarka RM, Vosloo W. Molecular epidemiology of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated from cattle in Ethiopia between 1979-2001. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2004 Jun;71(2):129-38. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v71i2.275. PMID: 15373335.
  16. Tesfaye Y, Khan F, Yami M, Wadsworth J, Knowles NJ, King DP, Gelaye E. A vaccine-matching assessment of different genetic variants of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus isolated in Ethiopia between 2011 and 2014. Arch Virol. 2020; 165(8):1749-1757. doi: 10.1007/s00705-020-04662-y. Epub 2020 May 20. PMID: 32435857.

Figures:

Figure 1

Figure 1

Similar Articles

Recently Viewed

Read More

Most Viewed

Read More

Help ?